文章基本信息

标题：What’s in a Concept? Some Reflections on the Complications and Complexities of Personal Information and Anonymity
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作者：Gary T. Marx
期刊名称：University of Ottawa Law and Technology Journal
印刷版ISSN：1710-6028
电子版ISSN：1715-006X
出版年度：2006
卷号：3
期号：1
页码：1-34
出版社：University of Ottawa
摘要：The topic of anonymity is conceptually and practically challenging. Among reasons for this are the multiple elements across different levels of analysis, varied contexts, and the variety of goals and dimensions that cross-cut these; 2) conflicting rationales and values; and 3) contested and/or opposing social, cultural and political trends and counter-trends. In order to better understand anonymity, this conceptual analysis article raises and suggests possible answers to the following questions: what are the major types of information that can be associated with anonymity? (nine are identified, such as location and attitudes); what do we mean by personal information (using a series of concentric circles, distinctions are drawn between individual, private, intimate, unique and core identification); what are some of the major factors affecting behaviour involving anonymity, and judgments of anonymity (e.g., the structure of the communication and the type of activity involved); what are the major values that support or oppose anonymity? (e.g., openness in communication vs. accountability); what trends and counter-trends encourage or discourage anonymity (e.g., technologies that make the meaningless meaningful as against increased freedom of choice with respect to identity); what broader principles are relevant to public policy in the area (e.g., informed consent and reciprocity) and what kinds of questions should be asked in setting policy (e.g., clear statement of goals, awareness of unintended consequences).