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标题：Sensing the presence of gods and spirits across cultures and faiths
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作者：Tanya Marie Luhrmann ; Kara Weisman ; Felicity Aulino 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2021
卷号：118
期号：5
页码：1
DOI：10.1073/pnas.2016649118
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Hearing the voice of God, feeling the presence of the dead, being possessed by a demonic spirit—such events are among the most remarkable human sensory experiences. They change lives and in turn shape history. Why do some people report experiencing such events while others do not? We argue that experiences of spiritual presence are facilitated by cultural models that represent the mind as “porous,” or permeable to the world, and by an immersive orientation toward inner life that allows a person to become “absorbed” in experiences. In four studies with over 2,000 participants from many religious traditions in the United States, Ghana, Thailand, China, and Vanuatu, porosity and absorption played distinct roles in determining which people, in which cultural settings, were most likely to report vivid sensory experiences of what they took to be gods and spirits.
关键词：religion ; porosity ; absorption ; spiritual experience ; voices