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标题：Kynurenic Acid Electrochemical Immunosensor: Blood-Based Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
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作者：Jose Marrugo-Ramírez ; Montserrat Rodríguez-Núñez ; M.-Pilar Marco 等
期刊名称：Biosensors
电子版ISSN：2079-6374
出版年度：2021
卷号：11
期号：1
页码：20
DOI：10.3390/bios11010020
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a functional deterioration of the brain. Currently, there are selected biomarkers for its diagnosis in cerebrospinal fluid. However, its extraction has several disadvantages for the patient. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a detection method using sensitive and selective blood-based biomarkers. Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a potential biomarker candidate for this purpose. The alteration of the KYNA levels in blood has been related with inflammatory processes in the brain, produced as a protective function when neurons are damaged. This paper describes a novel electrochemical immunosensor for KYNA detection, based on successive functionalization multi-electrode array. The resultant sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The proposed biosensor detects KYNA within a linear calibration range from 10 pM to 100 nM using CA and EIS, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of 16.9 pM and 37.6 pM in buffer, respectively, being the lowest reported LOD for this biomarker. Moreover, to assess our device closer to the real application, the developed immunosensor was also tested under human serum matrix, obtaining an LOD of 391.71 pM for CA and 278.8 pM for EIS with diluted serum.
关键词：Alzheimer’s disease (AD); immunosensor; kynurenic acid (KYNA); electrochemical biosensor; chronoamperometry (CA); electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); blood analysis; point of care diagnosis (PoC); in vitro diagnosis (IVD) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ; immunosensor ; kynurenic acid (KYNA) ; electrochemical biosensor ; chronoamperometry (CA) ; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) ; blood analysis ; point of care diagnosis (PoC) ; in vitro diagnosis (IVD)