文章基本信息

标题：Replicable personality types in childhood and adolescence: A Slovenian cross-sectional study
其他标题：Ponovljivi tipi osebnosti v otroštvu in mladostništvu: slovenska prečna primerjava
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作者：Maja Zupančič ; Alenka Gril
期刊名称：Psihološka Obzorja
电子版ISSN：2350-5141
出版年度：2006
卷号：15
期号：2
页码：7-29
语种：English
出版社：Slovenian Psychologists' Association
摘要：The present study explored individual constellations of five personality dimensions (personality types) and their internal replicability with a sample of 4- to 14-year-olds (N = 1341).Employing an age- and culture-decentered assessment tool the target participants were rated by their mothers and the procedure by Asendorpf et al.(2001) was followed to derive personality types.Several cluster solutions were investigated with the one representing four personality types appearing the most interpretable.The average type included individuals (26%) expressing mean levels of conscientiousness,extraversion,openness/intellect,and neuroticism,and a relatively high level of agreeableness.The reserved children/adolescents (35 %) scored below-average in openess/intellect,relatively low in conscientiousness and extraversion,and they were rated relatively high for neuroticism.The wilful participants (30 %) were high in openness/intelect and within the average range they appeared relatively extraverted and disagreeable.The resilient type turned out to be the least capacious as it captured extremly conscientious,extraverted,open,emotionally stable and relatively high agreeable individuals.More girls than boys were classified as average and the boys were,in comparison to the girls,more often assigned to the wilful and to the reserved personality types.The wilful type was the most common in early childhood,the reserved type memberhip was the most frequent in middle and late childhood,and early adolesscents were the most frequently classified to the average type.
其他摘要：Pri prečnem vzorcu 4- do 14-letnih otrok in mladostnikov (N = 1341) sva empirično določali individualne konstelacije petih osebnostnih dimenzij (tipe osebnosti) in preučili njihovo notranjo ponovljivost.Ciljne udeležence so s pomočjo starostno in kulturno decentriranega merskega pripomočka ocenile njihove mame,po postopku Asendorpfa in sodelavcev (2001) pa sva izločili več rešitev pri razvrščanju otrok v skupine in interpretirali najustreznejšo,ki predstavlja štiri tipe osebnosti.Povprečni tip je vključeval posameznike (26 %) s povprečno izraznostjo dimenzij vestnost,ekstravertnost,odprtost/intelekt,nevroticizem in z razmeroma visoko sprejemljivostjo.Za zadržane otroke/mladostnike (35 %) so bili značilni podpovprečno nizka odprtost/intelekt,razmeroma nizka vestnost in ekstravertnost ter razmeroma visok nevroticizem.Udeležence,ki so se razvrstili v svojeglavi tip (30 %),so opisovale visoka odprtost/intelekt ter (v okviru odstopanj v območju povprečja) nekoliko višja ekstravertnost in nesprejemljivost.Najmanj obsežni prožni tip je združeval izjemno vestne,ekstravertne,odprte,čustveno stabilne in visoko sprejemljive posameznike.Povprečnemu tipu osebnosti je pripadalo več deklet kot fantov,ki so se v primerjavi z dekleti pogosteje razvrstili v svojeglavi in zadržani tip.Slednjemu so najpogosteje pripadali otroci v srednjem in poznem otroštvu,svojeglavi tip je bil najpogostejši v zgodnjem otroštvu,povprečni pa v zgodnjem mladostništvu.
关键词：childhood;adolescence;personality;five factor model of personality;age differences
其他关键词：otroštvo;mladostništvo;tipi osebnosti;petfaktorski model osebnosti;starostne razlike