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标题：The ichchi (spirits) in Yakut heroic epic Olonkho
其他标题：ИЧЧИ (ДУХИ-ХОЗЯЕВА) В ЯКУТСКОМ ГЕРОИЧЕСКОМ ЭПОСЕ ОЛОНХО
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作者：V. V. Vinokurov ; V. V. Vinokurov
期刊名称：Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова: Серия "Эпосоведение"
电子版ISSN：2500-2864
出版年度：2017
卷号：7
期号：3
页码：38-51
语种：English
出版社：North-Eastern Federal University
摘要：In the Yakut language, the notion of “ichchi”, in the broad sense of the word, means “essence”, nature, content of things, phenomena of social realm. It is the inner essence, nature, content of anything that defines all its potential connections and relations with all others things. In the Yakut mythology, this irrational, opinionated, active, ideal essence of a thing is the absolute master, ichchi of all its external visible manifestation. Each living thing has ichchi. Since the notion “ichchitekh” in the Yakut language means inner emptiness, absence of ichchi. So, the notion of “ichchi” is a figurative designation, expression of abstract notion of “essence”. In the Yakut mythology and heroic epic Olonkho, some “ichchi” were imagined in the form of anthropomorphical, zoomorphical and others beasts. The beasts had the mind and ability to feel emotions and do actions. The beastsin the Yakut mythology and Olonkho form a special class of beasts that we cannot categorically refer to a class of good or evil beasts. This largely anthropomorphical, zoomorphical beasts in the literature are indicated by the notion “spirits” or “ichchi” of things, phenomena, and some places. It is important to note that there is no complete and common classification of spirits, ichchi in the literature. There is no a special and detailed research on the issue. In the first place, the author based on works of V. F. Troshchansky, V. M. Ionov, V. L. Seroshevsky, E. K. Pekarsky, P. A. Oyunsky, G. U. Ergis, A. I. Gogolev, N. A. Alexeev, etc. It is widely accepted that the ichchis live only in the Middle World, but in many texts they also live in the Under and Upper Worlds. The author provides specific examples in favour of this thesis. The work considers some most important ichchis of nature phenomena, things and places of the Middle World. In particular cases, the comparative analysis of the Yakut Olonkho with some ideas of Khakass and Bashkir epic texts is conducted.
其他摘要：Понятие «иччи» в самом широком и глубоком смысле этого слова в якутском языке оз- начает «сущность», природу, содержание вещей, явлений окружающей действительности. Именно вну- тренняя сущность, природа, содержание любой вещи определяет все его возможные
关键词：epic; Olonkho; ichchi; spirits; ichchi of home-fire; ichchi of home; Naajy Nangha; Aan Alakhchyn; Baai Baianai; ichchi of the hitching post; ichchi of deep water; Ereke-Jereke; ichchi of word; Sakh; ichchi of time; Yakut mythology; Acknowledgements: The r
其他关键词：эпос; олонхо; иччи; духи-хозяева; иччи домашнего очага; иччи дома; Няджы Нянгха; Аан Алахчын; Баай Байанай; иччи коновязи; иччи водных глубин; Эрэкэ-Джэрэкэ; иччи слова; Сах; иччи времени; якутская мифология; Благодарности: Исследование выполнено при фина