文章基本信息

标题：Measuring Progress toward Environmental Sustainability Using a Quantitative Model
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作者：Shaho Karami ; Mohammad rezvani ; Farzam Pourasghar Sanghachin 等
期刊名称：International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
印刷版ISSN：2330-7528
电子版ISSN：2330-7536
出版年度：2013
卷号：1
期号：4
页码：79-87
DOI：10.11648/j.ijepp.20130104.16
语种：English
出版社：Science Publishing Group
摘要：During last tow century and after industrial revolution, especially in last fifty years, the world underwent considerable changes in its economical, social, technological and environmental areas. Crisis of underdevelopment, increasing effect of population on environment, uncontrolled exploitation and destruction of environment, poverty, malnutrition in developing countries, the growth of terrorism and social abnormalities, emerging diseases, a variety of social disorders, the income gap between rich and poor countries, and finally increasing destruction of environment are problems that affect human society, both developed and developing ones. Sure, continuity of this situation can face international community with a serious crisis which its miss effects will affect both developed and developing countries. Therefore, confronting these challenges require collaboration of all world countries. Thus, U.N. Millennium manifesto, in terms of millennium development goals in 2000, provided by U.N and approved by majority of world countries, Seventh goal of millennium, “Ensure environmental sustainability” was the main cornerstone of millennium development goals and reaching other goals and objectives of millennium development goals needs protecting environment and assuring its sustainability. By approving these goals, designed models and methods for determining actions and activities in terms of quantitative models. In this survey first, eight indicators of seventh MDG goals, some with positive relationship with sustainable development and some with negative relationship were chosen and information related to performances of 6 indices of 65 countries of world in years 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 extracted. After extracting indices and processing them, indices were standardized. In the next step and after standardizing, using McGranahan method, correlation matrix of indices was calculated by SPSS software and weight of each index was determined. After this step, weight of each index was multiplied on each standardized index and at the end composite index for each country was calculated for 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Then, these composite indexes were sorted by descending. Stability numbers obtained using this method for Iran for these years are 141, 114, 131 and 139 respectively, which was always lower than the average of 65 countries. Iran’s rank was always between 40 and 45 showing undesirable performance which requires suitable actions.
关键词：Ensure Sustainability of Environment; Composite Indicators; McGranahan Method; SPSS Software; Quantitative Model