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标题：Conformity and the questioning of authority in the citizenship education debates
本地全文：下载
作者：Tristan McCowan
期刊名称：Educate~
印刷版ISSN：1477-5557
电子版ISSN：2049-9558
出版年度：2004
卷号：4
期号：2
页码：19-32
语种：English
出版社：UCL Institute of Education, University College London
摘要：A key question that providers of citizenship education must face is the extent to which they should be promoting either critical attitudes or allegiance to the State. While some argue that cohesion and unity are necessary for the polity to function, others observe that a conforming and unquestioning population will not choose the best governments and keep those governments democratically accountable. This paper reviews literature from three currents within citizenship education – liberal democracy, civic republicanism and approaches based on the ideas of Paolo Freire – identifying widely differing emphases within each as well as between them. Critical attitudes are seen to be compatible with feelings of shared membership, but are unlikely to be promoted by governments when there is fear of internal unrest or external threat. While critical thinking is desirable in educational and political terms, the delivery of citizenship education programmes on this basis presents substantial challenges.